Pay it forward is an expression for describing the beneficiary of a good deed repaying the kindness to others instead of to the original benefactor.

The concept is old, but the particular phrase may have been coined by Lily Hardy Hammond in her 1916 book In the Garden of Delight.^[1] The phrase achieved significant popularization from Catherine Ryan Hyde's 1999 novel (and then movie) Pay It Forward.

'Pay it forward' is implemented in contract law of loans in the concept of third party beneficiaries. Specifically, the creditor offers the debtor the option of paying the debt forward by lending it to a third person instead of paying it back to the original creditor. This contract may include the provision that the debtor may repay the debt in kind, lending the same amount to a similarly disadvantaged party once they have the means, and under the same conditions. Debt and payments can be monetary or by good deeds. A related type of transaction, which starts with a gift instead of a loan, is alternative giving.

Pay It Forward Fund, Waconia, Minnesota. Pay It Forward Fund is a non-profit organization that helps patients pay their bills while they. 'Thanks so much for coming, John I have a surprise for you on behalf of WQAD and Ascentra Credit Union you've been selected for the Pay It Forward Award and you recieved $300 to use as you wish.

So, Tim and I have been going all over the city dropping “pay it forward” wallets. We're going to continue to drop the wallets the week this post is out, so if you are in New York City, look out for one! Each has anywhere from $1 to $100 in cash inside, as well as a little “pay it forward” note. The Pay It Forward Foundation is a 501(c)(3) Non-Profit Organization, established in September of 2000, by Catherine Ryan Hyde, author of the 1999 novel, Pay It Forward. The next year brought the success of the motion picture Pay It Forward, which starred Helen Hunt, the adorable Haley Joel Osment and even Jon Bon Jovi.

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History[edit]

Paying forward was used as a key plot element in the denouement of a New Comedy play by Menander, Dyskolos (a title which can be translated as 'The Grouch'). Dyskolos was a prizewinning play in ancient Athens in 317 BC; however, the text of the play was lost and it was only recovered and republished in 1957.

The oldest, and perhaps most basic pattern of this concept, is the inter-generational devotion of parents to their children, re-enacting what their own parents did for them. In her 1916 book In the Garden of Delight, Lily Hardy Hammond reflects, 'I never repaid Great-aunt Letitia's love to her, any more than she repaid her mother's. You don't pay love back; you pay it forward.'^[1]

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Regarding money, the concept was described by Benjamin Franklin, in a letter to Benjamin Webb dated April 25, 1784:^[2]

I do not pretend to give such a deed; I only lend it to you. When you [..] meet with another honest Man in similar Distress, you must pay me by lending this Sum to him; enjoining him to discharge the Debt by a like operation, when he shall be able, and shall meet with another opportunity. I hope it may thus go thro' many hands, before it meets with a Knave that will stop its Progress. This is a trick of mine for doing a deal of good with a little money.

Jesus, taught in Matthew 18:21-35. that paying it forward is a requirement for those who have received God's forgiveness. He told the parable of a man who had been forgiven a huge debt by the king, because the debtor had begged for mercy. However, after being freed from the debt, he found a fellow who owed him a very small debt, by comparison. Although, he had been shown a great mercy, he refused the same consideration to his fellow who had plead for more time to pay. When the king found this out, he was angry, and threw the original debtor into prison until he paid the entire debt. Jesus summarized the story by saying, 'So likewise shall my heavenly Father do also unto you, if ye from your hearts forgive not every one his brother their trespasses'

Ralph Waldo Emerson, in his 1841 essay 'Compensation',^[3] wrote: 'In the order of nature we cannot render benefits to those from whom we receive them, or only seldom. But the benefit we receive must be rendered again, line for line, deed for deed, cent for cent, to somebody.' Woody Hayes (1913 – 1987), winner of five national titles as football coach at The Ohio State University, misquoted Emerson as having said 'You can pay back only seldom. You can always pay forward, and you must pay line for line, deed for deed, and cent for cent.' He also shortened the (mis)quotation into 'You can never pay back; but you can always pay forward' and variants.^[4]^[5]

The 1929 novel, Magnificent Obsession, by Lloyd C. Douglas, also espoused this philosophy, in combination with the concept that good deeds should be performed in confidence.

An anonymous spokesman for Alcoholics Anonymous said in The Christian Science Monitor in 1944, 'You can't pay anyone back for what has happened to you, so you try to find someone you can pay forward.'^[6]

What is the best online cash casino. Also in 1944, the first steps were taken in the development of what became the Heifer Project, one of whose core strategies is 'Passing on the Gift'.^[7]

The mathematician Paul Erdős heard about a promising math student unable to enroll in Harvard University for financial reasons. Erdős contributed enough to allow the young man to register. Years later, the man offered to return the entire amount to Erdős, but Erdős insisted that the man rather find another student in his situation, and give the money to him.^[8]

It is also possible for the original beneficiary to become part of the later chain of kindness. Some time in 1980, a sixteen-page supplemental Marvel comic appeared in the Chicago Tribune entitled “What Price a Life?” and was subsequently reprinted as the backup story in Marvel Team-Up #126 dated February 1983. This was a team-up between Spider-Man and The Incredible Hulk, in which Spider-Man helps the Hulk escape from police who mistakenly thought that he was attacking them. Afterwards, they meet in their secret identities, with Peter Parker warning Bruce Banner to leave town because of the Hulk’s seeming attack on police. But Banner is flat broke, and cannot afford even bus fare. As a result, Parker gives Banner his last $5 bill, saying that someone had given him money when he was down on his luck, and this was how he was repaying that debt. Later, in Chicago, the Hulk confronts muggers who had just robbed an elderly retired man of his pension money, all the money he had. After corralling the muggers, the Hulk turns towards the victim. The retiree thinks that the Hulk is about to attack him as well, but instead, the Hulk gives him the $5 bill. It transpires that the very same old man had earlier given a down-on-his-luck Peter Parker a $5 bill.^[9]

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History[edit]

Robert Heinlein's contribution[

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